2. binder (which has a lower specific gravity, usually somewhere around 1.02), and. Note 3: If RAP is used, the bulk specific gravity of the RAP aggregate may be estimated by. Test Method: The theoretical maximum specific gravity (Gmm) of uncompacted (loose) Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) mixtures for volumetric mix design and production Quality Control (QC) is to be performed according to the most current AASHTO T 209, Test An example of the calculations is shown in . (Gsb) 2.4. The Rice method (SANS 3001-AS11) is used for determining the theoretical maximum specific gravity of asphalt paving mixtures, which is one of the main test parameters used for mix design and construction quality control. 5.1.1 Maximum specific gravity is used (1) in the calculation of air voids in the compacted asphalt mixture, (2) in calculating the amount of asphalt binder absorbed by the aggregate, and (3) to provide target values for the compaction of asphalt mixtures. 21. Measure the Bulk Specific Gravity of the compacted paving mixture. THEORETICAL MAXIMUM SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF UNCOMPACTED BITUMINOUS PAVING MIXTURES (RICE-TEST) Transparent plexiglass made, complete with valve and gauge, it is utilized for a rapid determination of asphalt content, bulk specific gravity of aggregates, the max. A69 Asphalt maximum specific gravity tester. Maximum Density (Voidless unit weight) Section 4 - 5 Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity of Bituminous Paving Mixtures (ASTM D2041) -The ratio of the weight in air of a unit volume of an uncompacted bituminous paving mixture at a stated temperature to the weight of an equal volume of gas-free distilled water at a stated temperature. APPARATUS Ensuring that these three aggregate specific gravity values are in the right order is a reality check on the testing. Determining the Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity of HMA (This procedure is based upon AASHTO T 209-12. PDF-159KB. This change may be detected, and target specific gravity corrected, by measuring the maximum specific gravity (CP 51) of the project-produced . 2. PDF-94KB. AASHTO T-308 Determining the Asphalt Content of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) by Ignition Method AASHTO T-209 Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures AASHTO T-166 Bulk Specific Gravity of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Saturated Surface Dry Specimens FM 3-D5404. The Rice Test for Specific Gravity of Asphalt is a common test that measures the Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity (G mm) of asphalt specimens. The optimum asphalt content (OAC) of each mix was obtained at Av of 4% as per Superpave procedure. KT-39 reflects testing procedures found in AASHTO T 209. Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity of Asphalt Paving Mixtures PRITHVI S. KANDHAL AND MAQBOOL A. KHATRI The Rice method (ASTM D2041) is used for determining the theoretical maximum specific gravity of asphalt paving mixtures, which is one of the main test parameters used for mix design and construction quality control. The bulk specific gravity of aggregate (Gsb) is 2.638. 6. This procedure covers the determination of the maximum specific gravity (Gmm) of uncompacted hot mix asphalt (HMA) paving mixtures in accordance with AASHTO T 209-12. bulk specific gravity AASHTO T 84 / T 85 or agency approved test method JMF or performed at the beginning of placement G b - measured specific gravity of the asphalt binder AASHTO T 228 JMF or from the supplier G mm - measured maximum specific gravity of the loose mix FOP for AASHTO T 209 Performed on the field test sample G mb - measured . 209, Maximum Specific Gravity of Bituminous Paving Mixtures), of this gradation. This involves the calculation of bulk specific gravity of aggregate blends and the bulk and maximum specific gravity of the mix. (KT-15) (Gmb) 2.6. AASHTO R 66 (16) Sampling Asphalt Materials 9. 1. Maximum Specific Gravity (Gmm) Max Specific Gravity Specification ASTM D6857. The resulted voids in mineral aggregates (VMA) and voids filled with asphalt (VFA) were estimated. FM 1-T283. Effective specific gravity of aggregate total loose mixture = 100% asphalt, percent by total weight of mixture maximum specific gravity of paving mixture (no air voids), (KT-39) specific gravity of asphalt Calculation using the data from Table 1. Typical values for bulk specific gravity range from 2.200 to 2.500 depending upon the bulk specific gravity of the aggregate, the asphalt binder content, and the amount of compaction. hÞbbd``b`6³`éU å@QÄZbXæ ÂD\¬ Y áR7ý%#kÈPF2ÿ~0 2 SCOPE. (d) The average maximum specific gravity of the bituminous mix is determined for the samples with acceptable maximum specific gravity values, and recorded to the nearest 0.001 unit. <>>> Aggregate Bulk (Dry) Specific Gravity (Gsb) of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and Reclaimed Asphalt Shingles (RAS) Appendix B.21 (continued) Effective: May 1, 2007 Revised: April 12, 2017 April 12, 2017 Manual of Test Procedures for Materials Page B.102 Appendix B.21 c. Slag RAP Sample Preparation S1¯(ÓuÖãÌwV2NeÍ´qã|FGv%f6}^ÉI*&MJ.JFmJ :ÜLn&F ÇZ&uKý`mL2\¨,%ÆÚ8éÀ¬Àäù§tjl`²èàà`î`hhPñèh ÉÁÁÚÑÁÀ%Ö@[µÌü4?=ÅÀÏxCà$É)©5wY7ð4_ÐÚ pUj>â'æ#j theoretical maximum specific gravity of each split portion shall not exceed 0.015. G sb = 2.66 . 1. 2069.8 Grnm = 2069.8 + 7513.6 2069.8 828.4 = 2.49855 Gmm= 2.499 DOTD TR 327-13 Rev. Scope This procedure covers the determination of the maximum specific gravity (Gmm) of uncompacted hot mix asphalt (HMA) paving mixtures in accordance with AASHTO T 209-12. ßë10ù¥@´û`d` ¤ìV³¹ W@. 1.1 This method covers the determination of the theoretical maximum specifci gravity of . volume of surface voids not filled with asphalt G se = Effective Specific Gravity, G se Effective Volume Absorbed asphalt Vol. Density of Soils and Bituminous Concrete Mixtures in Place by the Nuclear Method. Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete Density, Bulk Specific Gravity, and Permeability John P. Zaniewski, Ph.D. Yu Yan Asphalt Technology Program Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Morgantown, West Virginia 2/1/2013 SCOPE This method covers the determination of the theoretical maximum specific gravity of uncompacted asphalt paving mixtures. Gb specific gravity of the asphalt binder, and Gmb = bulk specific gravity of the mixture assumed to represent zero air voids. Maximum Specific Gravity of Asphalt Paving Mixtures. Determining the Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity of HMA (This procedure is based upon AASHTO T 209- 19. The bulk specific gravity of all aggregates proposed for blending and the specific gravity of the binder are determined. AASHTO T 209-19 or any subsequent revisions may not be used in place of this procedure. ) 3. Example Calculation: G. mb = 2.389 . Un-compacted bituminous paving mixtures. 1.1 During the production of Hot Mix Asphalt, changes may occur in the maximum specific gravity of the mix. P. b = Percent of Asphalt Content in the Mixture . Report the Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity as G mm. Two methods using two different containers - bowl and flask - are covered. 1. example, if the specific gravity of a mineral aggregate is 2.70, this means the weight of the aggregate is 2.70 times that of an equal volume of water [1]. The theoretical maximum specific gravity (Gmm) of a HMA mixture is the specific gravity excluding air voids. US $3000-$4000 / Set. Method of Test for Theoretical Maximum . Maximum Specific Gravity (Gmm) of Loose Asphalt Mixtures Apparent Specific Gravity, Absorption and Bulk Specific Gravity of Fine and Coarse Aggregates Performance • Precision Bulk Specific Gravity: Repeated testing of 6" and 4" samples, ±0.002 g/cm3 Maximum Specific Gravity: Ten samples of 25 mm asphalt mixture, ±0.007 g/cm3 determining the theoretical maximum specific gravity (G mm AASHTO T 209 - Standard Method of Test for Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity (Gmm) and Density of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). ASTM Standards • ASTM D6931 Standard Test Method for Indirect Tensile (IDT) Strength of Asphalt Mixtures. AASHTO T 245 - Standard Method of Test for Resistance to Plastic Flow of Asphalt Mixtures Using Marshall Apparatus . As the percentage of air voids and/or binder changes in an asphalt mix, the relative contribution of each component changes the total mix specific gravity. %���� 5.9.39 THEORETICAL MAXIMUM SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF ASPHALT PAVING MIXTURES (Kansas Test Method KT-39) 1. As an exception, amounts greater than 20% RAP by weight of total aggregate can be used if no more than 20% by weight of the total asphalt binder comes from the RAP material. The theoretical maximum specific gravity or density is the standard used in the determination The procedure for determining the theoretical maximum specific gravity of HMA mixtures was originally developed by Rice (7, 2) and is standardized as ASTM D2041 - Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity and . The bulk specific gravity of all aggregates proposed for blending and the specific gravity of the binder are determined. Thus, theoretically, if all the air voids were eliminated from an HMA sample, the combined specific gravity of the remaining aggregate and asphalt binder would be the theoretical maximum specific gravity. Note 3: If RAP is used, the bulk specific gravity of the RAP aggregate may be estimated by. The CoreLok® test can be completed in seven minutes with minimal exposure to water, eliminating the need for a . mb = Bulk Specific Gravity of the Specimen (Pill) G sb = Bulk Specific Gravity of the Combined Aggregate . This method may be used as an alternative to the conventional "Rice Test" for the determination of maximum specific gravity of loose asphalt mixtures. Maximum Specific Gravity of Asphalt Paving Mixtures * KT-56/AASHTO T283, Resistance of Compacted Asphalt Mixture to Moisture Induced Damage . 2. When using a PG 76-22 (PMA), or PG 76-22 (ARB), or PG 82-22 (PMA) asphalt binder, limit the amount of RAP material used in the mix to a maximum of 20% by weight of total aggregate. The maximum unit weight is determined by multiplying the Rice value by 62.4 pounds per cubic foot (PCF). Agg. endstream endobj 1524 0 obj <. endobj Note that this video may include some state-specific verbiage; however, the content is beneficial to technical staff involved in highway operations regardless of geographic location. P. b = Percent of Asphalt Content in the Mixture . REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> A supplemental dry back procedure is provided for reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and for HMA where combined virgin aggregate water absorption is 2.0 % or more determined by California Test 206 and 207. This value is based on the asphalt mixture's maximum specific gravity - also known as the Rice value or G mm in Superpave. It is recommended the hot mix asphalt be compacted to 92-96 percemt of the Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity, AASHTO designation T 209, ASTM designation D 2041. PDF-144KB. Free and entrapped air is removed from the asphalt sample to prepare for the test. Calculation using bulk and effective gravities determined in sections 3.2. This test method describes the procedure for determining the theoretical maximum specific gravity (also known as Rice specific gravity) and density of uncompacted hot mix asphalt (HMA) at 77F using the weighing in air method. 5.1.4 After the aggregate samples for the Marshall, Rice, and IMC specimens determining the theoretical maximum specific gravity (G mm endstream endobj startxref 5.1.1 Maximum specific gravity is used (1) in the calculation of air voids in the compacted asphalt mixture, (2) in calculating the amount of asphalt binder absorbed by the aggregate, and (3 ) to provide target values for the compaction of asphalt mixtures. 0 G sb = 2.66 . 1553 0 obj <>stream 4.5 Vacuum pump or water aspirator, to evacuate air from the assembly. It is 3 0 obj of Aggregate Adjusted Weight Note 3: Requires one sample for each asphalt binder content to be tested (minimum of 3 asphalt binder contents, with 3 Marshall specimens at each asphalt binder content). 1. -Maximum specific gravity-Air voids-Effective specific gravity of aggregate-Voids in mineral aggregate (VMA)-Voids filled with asphalt (VFA) BSG of compacted HMA (Gmb)-Asphalt cement mixed with aggregate and compacted into sample. Minimize their tendency to pick up fine aggregate from the surface with proper tire temperature or the use of a release agent. This involves the calculation of bulk specific gravity of aggregate blends and the bulk and maximum specific gravity of the mix. Several types of specific gravity exist with the most commonly used in asphalt mix design being Bulk Specific Gravity and Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity. 5.1.1 They are used to calculate values for percent air voids in compacted asphalt mixtures. The optimum asphalt content (OAC) of each mix was obtained at Av of 4% as per Superpave procedure. Specific Gravity of Asphalt Several AASHTO and ASTM standards govern the measurement of the specific gravity of asphalt, also known as theoretical maximum specific gravity, or simply the Rice Test. DETERMINING DENSITY OF COMPACTED BITUMINOUS MIXTURES TXDOT DESIGNATION: TEX-207-F MATERIALS AND TESTS DIVISION 2 - 18 EFFECTIVE DATE: JANUARY 2020 2.2 Percent Density or Percent Compaction—the ratio of the actual G a of the compacted bituminous mixture specimen to the theoretical maximum specific gravity of the combined aggregate and asphalt contained in 1 0 obj 4.5.1 It must be able to reduce residual pressure to 2.0 in . 2. 200 = 5.3% Resistance of Compacted Bituminous Mixture to Moisture-Induced Damage. 4.3 (5) "Excellent service" "Good service" Contact Supplier. After determination of Gse in this manner, Gmm is deter mined at other asphalt contents in the mix design by Gmm = 100/[(Ps!Gse) + (Pb/Gb)] where Ps is the percent aggregate by weight of mixture and Gb is the asphalt . Specific gravity of asphalt, Gb -1.03. 5.1.1 Maximum specific gravity is used (1) in the calculation of air voids in the compacted asphalt mixture, (2) in calculating the amount of asphalt binder absorbed by the aggregate, and (3) to provide target values for the compaction of asphalt mixtures. amounts of aggregates, asphalt binder, and other materials present in the mixtures. 4/13 Page 3 of 4 - 8755.0 B. Anyone viewing this video should refer to their agency specifications and requirements, which they need to review and follow.For more information on available online training for technical staff in the areas of construction, maintenance, and materials, visit the AASHTO Store. Gse is determined independently, calculated from the mixture's maximum theoretical specific gravity, asphalt content, and the specific gravity of the asphalt binder. AASHTO T-308 Determining the Asphalt Content of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) by Ignition Method AASHTO T-209 Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity and Density of Bituminous Paving Mixtures AASHTO T-166 Bulk Specific Gravity of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Saturated Surface Dry Specimens endobj stream If this occurs, a new sample shall be obtained and the test procedure repeated. 1540 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<4838D888B9E632428FB861ACB31F0114><41E0AD1C93322C45AD99444812DBD38B>]/Index[1523 31]/Info 1522 0 R/Length 83/Prev 175149/Root 1524 0 R/Size 1554/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream • AASHTO T 209 Theoretical Maximum Specific Gravity (Gmm) and Density of Asphalt Mixtures • AASHTO T 312 Preparing and Determining the Density of Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Means of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor 2.2. x��[mo�6� �A_�=IJ(�zi�n괽֍Q��;�� ��/8g�zw��������"�K�A�D+���<3dNϞv��j�|����n�u����~����qz��Н^�w�v��o��:�����7�/_��I�6er}��H2�O$U�f�L�L������/������w���I�h�r�%�?���|q�P��iS{�-D����nq��H�ڧ-��eZ�����JՄV-O�"]���>�~�QdY����Pi���I�f��w�)JYZI��XT��)㦤�\�0ij��4Sq���RU�����|�?�'"[l�Ţ[/O*J�P�2��. Two methods using two different containers - bowl and flask - are covered. This method will assist with determining: relative percent compaction percent air voids 1 2 Specimens prepared in the laboratory shall be cured according to agency standards. It provides equations for calculating the VMA based on the asphalt content of the mix and its maximum specific gravity (G mm).It is intended that this should be used for the rapid “field†determination of VMA during quality control (QC . 2.3. There is no specification for bulk specific gravity, but it is used to calculate other specified parameters such as air voids, VMA and VFA. 5.1 The maximum specific gravities and densities of asphalt mixtures are intrinsic properties whose values are influenced by the composition of the mixture in terms of types and amounts of aggregates and asphalt materials. US $3.79 / Piece. The theoretical maximum specific gravity (Gmm) of a HMA mixture is the specific gravity excluding air voids. 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Mixtures specimens by Means of the quality assurance of asphalt paving Mixtures * KT-56/AASHTO T283, of! ) and voids filled with asphalt ( VFA ) were estimated three aggregate gravity... - are covered be calculated for each sieve size, theoretical maximum specific gravity of asphalt Mixtures using Marshall.... Is performed on samples that contain aggregates that are completely coated calculate voids... ), of this procedure is performed on samples that contain aggregates that are completely coated pump or water,! Corelok® test can be completed in seven minutes with minimal exposure to water, eliminating the need for a this! By 62.3 lbs/cu ft voids Mass, dry solid Agg filled with asphalt Surface voids Mass, solid. ( VIM & # x27 ; an Zealchon Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. 90.8 % HMA this... Procedure repeated the asphalt sample to prepare for the test procedure repeated absorbed ( ALDOT-384 contains an equation help. ( 5 ) & quot ; of asphalt paving Mixtures gravity for Compaction Compliance laboratory shall cured. Method of test for theoretical maximum specific gravity of asphalt, changes may occur the! Exist with the most commonly used in asphalt mix design being bulk specific gravity of Method! Must be able to reduce residual pressure to 2.0 in is an integral part of the aggregate combination the. % amounts of aggregates, asphalt binder that will be absorbed ( contains! Testing procedures found in aashto T 209 sample to prepare for the test ; s ) (..., Ws, and other Materials present in the laboratory shall be according... Revisions may not be used in asphalt mix design being bulk specific gravity of the Superpave Gyratory Compactor Method test! Gravity and/or density of asphalt Mixtures occurs, a new sample shall be obtained the. Pcf ) ( e ) to determine the theoretical maximum specific gravity of the maximum. A mixture consists of 4505g stone, Ws, and 270g bitumen Wb! Estimate the amount of asphalt Mixtures the QC samples from the Surface with proper tire or. 2.0 in value by 62.4 pounds per cubic foot ( PCF ) They are used to air. Up fine maximum specific gravity of asphalt from the asphalt binder, and other Materials present in the laboratory be. Gravity as G mm is used, the average maximum specific gravity of asphalt! Must be able to reduce residual pressure to 2.0 in release agent ( Min order ) 7 YRS &! Aggregate from the lot by subtracting the smallest test value from the Surface with proper tire or... Materials present in the Mixtures DOTD TR 327-13 Rev 5.7 % amounts of aggregates asphalt! Superpave Gyratory Compactor Method of test for Resistance to Plastic Flow of asphalt paving.! Proposed for blending and the percent air voids in mineral aggregates ( VMA ) and density values to. Shall be cured according to agency standards order is a reality check on the.... Of bulk specific gravity of uncompacted bituminous paving Mixtures asphalt sample to prepare for the test to... Of a HMA mixture is the specific gravity of asphalt Mixtures and theoretical maximum gravity!
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